I looked into this a bit further and the underling requirement for the MongoDB 5.0 binary server packages is CPUs with AVX instructions. These are broadly Sandy Bridge or newer Intel CPUs, but there is a caveat:
Not all CPUs from the listed families support AVX. Generally, CPUs with the commercial denomination Core i3/i5/i7/i9 support them, whereas Pentium and Celeron CPUs do not.
The Intel G4560 appears to be branded as a Pentium processor and is likely missing the required AVX support.
One option would be to Build MongoDB from Source with an older gcc microarchitecture target, eg:
CCFLAGS=-march=nehalem
or
CCFLAGS=-march=i686
NOTE: This CPU microarchitecture is not tested or supported for MongoDB 5.0+ if you run into unexpected behaviour or issues.
I created DOCS-14684: Clarify requirement for “Sandy Bridge or newer” in MongoDB 5.0 production notes to add clearer guidance to the production notes.
Regards,
Stennie