Cluster Monitoring

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Overview

Event Subscription Example
Event Descriptions
Example Event Documents
serverDescriptionChanged
serverHeartbeatStarted
serverHeartbeatSucceeded
serverHeartbeatFailed
serverOpening
serverClosed
topologyOpening
topologyClosed
topologyDescriptionChanged

Overview

This guide shows you how to monitor topology events in a MongoDB instance, replica set, or sharded cluster. The driver creates topology events, also known as Server Discovery and Monitoring (SDAM) events, when there is a change in the state of the instance or cluster that you connected to. For example, the driver creates an event when you establish a new connection or if the cluster elects a new primary.

The following sections demonstrate how to record topology changes in your application and explore the information provided in these events.

Event Subscription Example

You can access one or more SDAM events using the driver by subscribing to them in your application. The following example demonstrates connecting to a replica set and subscribing to one of the SDAM events created by the MongoDB deployment:

/* Subscribe to SDAM event */
const { MongoClient } = require("mongodb");
// Replace the following with your MongoDB deployment's connection string
const uri = "mongodb+srv://<clusterUrl>/?replicaSet=rs&writeConcern=majority";
const client = new MongoClient(uri);
// Replace <event name> with the name of the event you are subscribing to
const eventName = "<event name>";
// Subscribe to a specified event and print a message when the event is received
client.on(eventName, event => {
  console.log(`received ${eventName}: ${JSON.stringify(event, null, 2)}`);
});
async function run() {
  try {
    // Establish and verify connection to the database
    await client.db("admin").command({ ping: 1 });
    console.log("Connected successfully");
  } finally {
    // Close the database connection on completion or error
    await client.close();
  }
}
run().catch(console.dir);

Event Descriptions

You can subscribe to any of the following SDAM events:

Event Name	Description
`serverOpening`	Created when a connection to an instance opens.
`serverClosed`	Created when a connection to an instance closes.
`serverDescriptionChanged`	Created when an instance state changes (such as from secondary to primary).
`topologyOpening`	Created before attempting a connection to an instance.
`topologyClosed`	Created after all instance connections in the topology close.
`topologyDescriptionChanged`	Created when the topology changes, such as an election of a new primary or a mongos proxy disconnecting.
`serverHeartbeatStarted`	Created before issuing a `hello` command to a MongoDB instance.
`serverHeartbeatSucceeded`	Created when the `hello` command returns successfully from a MongoDB instance.
`serverHeartbeatFailed`	Created when a `hello` command issued to a specific MongoDB instance fails to return a successful response.

Example Event Documents

The following sections show sample output for each type of SDAM event.

serverDescriptionChanged

ServerDescriptionChangedEvent {
  topologyId: 0,
  address: 'localhost:27017',
  previousDescription: ServerDescription {
    address: 'localhost:27017',
    error: null,
    roundTripTime: 0,
    lastUpdateTime: 1571251089030,
    lastWriteDate: null,
    opTime: null,
    type: 'Unknown',
    minWireVersion: 0,
    maxWireVersion: 0,
    hosts: [],
    passives: [],
    arbiters: [],
    tags: []
  },
  newDescription: ServerDescription {
    address: 'localhost:27017',
    error: null,
    roundTripTime: 0,
    lastUpdateTime: 1571251089051,
    lastWriteDate: 2019-10-16T18:38:07.000Z,
    opTime: { ts: Timestamp, t: 18 },
    type: 'RSPrimary',
    minWireVersion: 0,
    maxWireVersion: 7,
    maxBsonObjectSize: 16777216,
    maxMessageSizeBytes: 48000000,
    maxWriteBatchSize: 100000,
    me: 'localhost:27017',
    hosts: [ 'localhost:27017' ],
    passives: [],
    arbiters: [],
    tags: [],
    setName: 'rs',
    setVersion: 1,
    electionId: ObjectID,
    primary: 'localhost:27017',
    logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes: 30,
    '$clusterTime': ClusterTime
  }
}

The type field of the ServerDescription object in this event contains one of the following possible values:

Type	Description
`Unknown`	Unknown instance
`Standalone`	Standalone instance
`Mongos`	Mongos proxy instance
`PossiblePrimary`	At least one server recognizes this as the primary, but is not yet verified by all instances.
`RSPrimary`	Primary instance
`RSSecondary`	Secondary instance
`RSArbiter`	Arbiter instance
`RSOther`	See the RSGhost and RSOther specification for more details
`RSGhost`	See the RSGhost and RSOther specification for more details

serverHeartbeatStarted

ServerHeartbeatStartedEvent {
  connectionId: 'localhost:27017'
}

serverHeartbeatSucceeded

ServerHeartbeatSucceededEvent {
  duration: 1.939997,
  reply:{
    hosts: [ 'localhost:27017' ],
    setName: 'rs',
    setVersion: 1,
    isWritablePrimary: true,
    secondary: false,
    primary: 'localhost:27017',
    me: 'localhost:27017',
    electionId: ObjectID,
    lastWrite: {
      opTime: { ts: [Timestamp], t: 18 },
      lastWriteDate: 2019-10-16T18:38:17.000Z,
      majorityOpTime: { ts: [Timestamp], t: 18 },
      majorityWriteDate: 2019-10-16T18:38:17.000Z
    },
    maxBsonObjectSize: 16777216,
    maxMessageSizeBytes: 48000000,
    maxWriteBatchSize: 100000,
    localTime: 2019-10-16T18:38:19.589Z,
    logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes: 30,
    minWireVersion: 0,
    maxWireVersion: 7,
    readOnly: false,
    ok: 1,
    operationTime: Timestamp,
    '$clusterTime': ClusterTime
  },
  connectionId: 'localhost:27017'
}

serverHeartbeatFailed

ServerHeartbeatFailed {
  duration: 20,
  failure: MongoError('some error'),
  connectionId: 'localhost:27017'
}

serverOpening

ServerOpeningEvent {
  topologyId: 0,
  address: 'localhost:27017'
}

serverClosed

ServerClosedEvent {
  topologyId: 0,
  address: 'localhost:27017'
}

topologyOpening

TopologyOpeningEvent {
  topologyId: 0
}

topologyClosed

TopologyClosedEvent {
  topologyId: 0
}

topologyDescriptionChanged

TopologyDescriptionChangedEvent {
  topologyId: 0,
  previousDescription: TopologyDescription {
    type: 'ReplicaSetNoPrimary',
    setName: null,
    maxSetVersion: null,
    maxElectionId: null,
    servers: Map {
      'localhost:27017' => ServerDescription
    },
    stale: false,
    compatible: true,
    compatibilityError: null,
    logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes: null,
    heartbeatFrequencyMS: 10000,
    localThresholdMS: 15,
    options: Object,
    error: undefined,
    commonWireVersion: null
  },
  newDescription: TopologyDescription {
    type: 'ReplicaSetWithPrimary',
    setName: 'rs',
    maxSetVersion: 1,
    maxElectionId: null,
    servers: Map {
      'localhost:27017' => ServerDescription
    },
    stale: false,
    compatible: true,
    compatibilityError: null,
    logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes: 30,
    heartbeatFrequencyMS: 10000,
    localThresholdMS: 15,
    options: Object,
    error: undefined,
    commonWireVersion: 7
  }
}

The type field of the TopologyDescription object in this event contains one of the following possible values:

Type	Description
`Single`	Standalone instance
`ReplicaSetWithPrimary`	Replica set with a primary
`ReplicaSetNoPrimary`	Replica set with no primary
`Sharded`	Sharded cluster
`Unknown`	Unknown topology

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