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Logical Query

$not

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  • Definition
  • Compatibility
  • Syntax
  • Behavior

Definition

$not

$not performs a logical NOT operation on the specified <operator-expression> and selects the documents that do not match the <operator-expression>. This includes documents that do not contain the field.

Compatibility

You can use $not for deployments hosted in the following environments:

  • MongoDB Atlas: The fully managed service for MongoDB deployments in the cloud

  • MongoDB Enterprise: The subscription-based, self-managed version of MongoDB

  • MongoDB Community: The source-available, free-to-use, and self-managed version of MongoDB

Syntax

The $not operator has the following form:

{ field: { $not: { <operator-expression> } } }

Consider the following example:

db.inventory.find( { price: { $not: { $gt: 1.99 } } } )

This query will select all documents in the inventory collection where:

  • the price field value is less than or equal to 1.99 or

  • the price field does not exist

{ $not: { $gt: 1.99 } } is different from the $lte operator. { $lte: 1.99 } returns only the documents where price field exists and its value is less than or equal to 1.99.

Remember that the $not operator only affects other operators and cannot check fields and documents independently. So, use the $not operator for logical disjunctions and the $ne operator to test the contents of fields directly.

Behavior

$not and Data Types

The operation of the $not operator is consistent with the behavior of other operators but may yield unexpected results with some data types like arrays.

$not and Regular Expressions

$not operator can perform logical NOT operation on:

  • Regular expression objects (i.e. /pattern/)

    For example, the following query selects all documents in the inventory collection where the item field value does not start with the letter p.

    db.inventory.find( { item: { $not: /^p.*/ } } )

  • $regex operator expression

    For example, the following query selects all documents in the inventory collection where the item field value does not start with the letter p.

    db.inventory.find( { item: { $not: { $regex: "^p.*" } } } )
    db.inventory.find( { item: { $not: { $regex: /^p.*/ } } } )

  • driver language's regular expression objects

    For example, the following PyMongo query uses Python's re.compile() method to compile a regular expression:

    import re
    for noMatch in db.inventory.find( { "item": { "$not": re.compile("^p.*") } } ):
        print noMatch

Tip

See also:

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