ObjectId()
Description
ObjectId(<value>)Important
mongosh Method
This page documents a
mongoshmethod. This is not the documentation for a language-specific driver, such as Node.js.For MongoDB API drivers, refer to the language-specific MongoDB driver documentation.
Returns a new ObjectId. The 12-byte ObjectId consists of:
A 4-byte timestamp, representing the ObjectId's creation, measured in seconds since the Unix epoch.
A 5-byte random value generated once per process. This random value is unique to the machine and process.
A 3-byte incrementing counter, initialized to a random value.
For timestamp and counter values, the most significant bytes appear first in the byte sequence (big-endian). This is unlike other BSON values, where the least significant bytes appear first (little-endian).
If an integer value is used to create an ObjectId, the integer replaces the timestamp.
Compatibility
You can use ObjectId() for deployments hosted in the following
environments:
MongoDB Atlas: The fully managed service for MongoDB deployments in the cloud
MongoDB Enterprise: The subscription-based, self-managed version of MongoDB
MongoDB Community: The source-available, free-to-use, and self-managed version of MongoDB
Syntax
ObjectId() can accept one of the following inputs:
Input Type | Description |
|---|---|
hexadecimal | Optional. A 24 character hexadecimal string value for the new
ObjectId. |
integer | Optional. The integer value, in seconds, is added to the
Unix epoch to create the new timestamp. |
Methods
ObjectId() has the following methods:
Methods | Description |
|---|---|
Returns the timestamp portion of the object as a Date. | |
Returns the ObjectId as a hexadecimal string. |
Behavior
Starting in MongoDB 5.0, mongosh replaces the legacy mongo
shell. The ObjectId() methods work differently in mongosh than
in the legacy mongo shell. For more information on the legacy
methods, see Legacy mongo Shell.
Examples
Generate a New ObjectId
To generate a new ObjectId, use ObjectId() with no argument:
newObjectId = ObjectId()
In this example, the value of newObjectId is:
ObjectId("507f1f77bcf86cd799439011")
Return a Hexadecimal String
To return the ObjectId as a hexadecimal string, use the toString()
method.
ObjectId("507f191e810c19729de860ea").toString()
The method returns:
507f191e810c19729de860ea
Specify a Date
You can use a custom Date to specify an ObjectId.
Set a variable for your specified date
Internally, Date objects are stored as signed
64-bit integer that represents the number of milliseconds since the
Unix epoch. To learn more, see Date().
myDate = new Date( "2024-01-01" )
Set your new ObjectId with timestamp as the argument
You can verify the Date by using ObjectId.getTimestamp().
newObjectId = ObjectId(timestamp)
ObjectId("6592008029c8c3e4dc76256c")
Specify an Integer String
If you want to adjust the ObjectId timestamp, use an integer to generate a new ObjectId.
newObjectId = ObjectId(32)
The ObjectId value resembles:
ObjectId("00000020f51bb4362eee2a4d")
The example ObjectId consists of:
A four byte time stamp,
00000020A five byte random element,
f51bb4362eA three byte counter,
ee2a4d
The first four bytes of the ObjectId are the number of seconds since the
Unix epoch. In this example, the ObjectId timestamp is
00000020 which is 32 in hexadecimal.
Specify a Hexadecimal String
If you want to use a hexadecimal string to specify an ObjectId, pass a
unique, 24 character hexadecimal value when you call
ObjectId():
newObjectId = ObjectId("507f191e810c19729de860ea")