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Aggregation Pipeline Operators

$size (aggregation)

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  • Definition
  • Behavior
  • Example

Definition

$size

Counts and returns the total number of items in an array.

$size has the following syntax:

{ $size: <expression> }

The argument for $size can be any expression as long as it resolves to an array. For more information on expressions, see Expressions.

Behavior

The argument for $size must resolve to an array. If the argument for $size is missing or does not resolve to an array, $size errors.

Example

Consider an inventory collection with the following documents:

{ "_id" : 1, "item" : "ABC1", "description" : "product 1", colors: [ "blue", "black", "red" ] }
{ "_id" : 2, "item" : "ABC2", "description" : "product 2", colors: [ "purple" ] }
{ "_id" : 3, "item" : "XYZ1", "description" : "product 3", colors: [ ] }
{ "_id" : 4, "item" : "ZZZ1", "description" : "product 4 - missing colors" }
{ "_id" : 5, "item" : "ZZZ2", "description" : "product 5 - colors is string", colors: "blue,red" }

The following aggregation pipeline operation uses the $size operator to return the number of elements in the colors array:

db.inventory.aggregate([
   {
      $project: {
         item: 1,
         numberOfColors: { $cond: { if: { $isArray: "$colors" }, then: { $size: "$colors" }, else: "NA"} }
      }
   }
] )

The operation returns the following:

{ "_id" : 1, "item" : "ABC1", "numberOfColors" : 3 }
{ "_id" : 2, "item" : "ABC2", "numberOfColors" : 1 }
{ "_id" : 3, "item" : "XYZ1", "numberOfColors" : 0 }
{ "_id" : 4, "item" : "ZZZ1", "numberOfColors" : "NA" }
{ "_id" : 5, "item" : "ZZZ2", "numberOfColors" : "NA" }

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$shift (aggregation)