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$cos (aggregation)

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  • Definition
  • Behavior
  • Example
$cos

New in version 4.2.

Returns the cosine of a value that is measured in radians.

$cos has the following syntax:

{ $cos: <expression> }

$cos takes any valid expression that resolves to a number. If the expression returns a value in degrees, use the $degreesToRadians operator to convert the result to radians.

By default $cos returns values as a double. $cos can also return values as a 128-bit decimal as long as the <expression> resolves to a 128-bit decimal value.

For more information on expressions, see Expression Operators.

If the argument resolves to a value of null or refers to a field that is missing, $cos returns null. If the argument resolves to NaN, $cos returns NaN. If the argument resolves to negative or positive infinity, $cos throws an error.

Example
Results
{ $cos: NaN }
NaN
{ $cos: null }
null

{ $cos : Infinity}

or

{ $cos : -Infinity }

Throws an error message resembling the following formatted output:

"errmsg" :
"Failed to optimize pipeline :: caused by :: cannot
apply $cos to -inf, value must in (-inf,inf)"

The trigonometry collection contains a document that stores the hypotenuse and one angle in a right-angle triangle:

{
"_id" : ObjectId("5c50782193f833234ba90d85"),
"angle_a" : NumberDecimal("53.13010235415597870314438744090659"),
"hypotenuse" : NumberDecimal("5")
}

The following aggregation operation uses the $cos expression to calculate the side adjacent to angle_a and add it to the input document using the $addFields pipeline stage.

db.trigonometry.aggregate([
{
$addFields : {
"side_a" : {
$multiply : [
{ $cos : {$degreesToRadians : "$angle_a"} },
"$hypotenuse"
]
}
}
}
])

The $degreesToRadians expression converts the degree value of angle_a to the equivalent value in radians.

The command returns the following output:

{
"_id" : ObjectId("5c50782193f833234ba90d85"),
"angle_a" : NumberDecimal("53.13010235415597870314438744090659"),
"side_a" : NumberDecimal("2.999999999999999999999999999999999"),
"hypotenuse" : NumberDecimal("5"),
}

Since angle_a and hypotenuse are stored as 128-bit decimals, the output of $cos is a 128-bit decimal.

The trigonometry collection contains a document that stores the hypotenuse and one angle in a right-angle triangle:

{
"_id" : ObjectId("5c50782193f833234ba90d85"),
"angle_a" : NumberDecimal("0.9272952180016122324285124629224288"),
"hypotenuse" : NumberDecimal("5")
}

The following aggregation operation uses the $cos expression to calculate the side adjacent to angle_a and add it to the input document using the $addFields pipeline stage.

db.trigonometry.aggregate([
{
$addFields : {
"side_b" : {
$multiply : [
{ $cos : "$angle_a" },
"$hypotenuse"
]
}
}
}
])

The command returns the following output:

{
"_id" : ObjectId("5c50782193f833234ba90d85"),
"angle_a" : NumberDecimal("0.9272952180016122324285124629224288"),
"side_b" : NumberDecimal("3.000000000000000000000000000000000"),
"hypotenuse" : NumberDecimal("5"),
}

Since angle_a and hypotenuse are stored as 128-bit decimals, the output of $cos is a 128-bit decimal.

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$convert (aggregation)