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$indexOfArray (aggregation)

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  • Definition
  • Behavior
  • Example
$indexOfArray

Searches an array for an occurrence of a specified value and returns the array index of the first occurrence. Array indexes start at zero.

$indexOfArray has the following operator expression syntax:

{ $indexOfArray: [ <array expression>, <search expression>, <start>, <end> ] }
Field
Type
Description
<array>
string

Can be any valid expression as long as it resolves to an array. For more information on expressions, see Expression Operators.

If the array expression resolves to a value of null or refers to a field that is missing, $indexOfArray returns null.

If the array expression does not resolve to an array or null nor refers to a missing field, $indexOfArray returns an error.

<search value>
string
Can be any valid expression. For more information on expressions, see Expression Operators.
<start>
integer

Optional. An integer, or a number that can be represented as integers (such as 2.0), that specifies the starting index position for the search. Can be any valid expression that resolves to a non-negative integral number.

If unspecified, the starting index position for the search is the beginning of the string.

<end>
integer

Optional. An integer, or a number that can be represented as integers (such as 2.0), that specifies the ending index position for the search. Can be any valid expression that resolves to a non-negative integral number. If you specify a <end> index value, you should also specify a <start> index value; otherwise, $indexOfArray uses the <end> value as the <start> index value instead of the <end> value.

If unspecified, the ending index position for the search is the end of the string.

If the <search expression> is found multiple times within the <array expression>, then $indexOfArray returns the index of the first <search expression> from the starting index position.

$indexOfArray returns null:

  • If <array expression> is null, or

  • If <array expression> refers to a non-existing field in the input document.

$indexOfArray returns an error:

  • If <array expression> is not an array and not null, or

  • If <start> or <end> is a negative integer (or a value that can be represented as a negative integer, like -5.0).

$indexOfArray returns -1:

  • If the <search expression> is not found in the array, or

  • If <start> is a number greater than <end>, or

  • If <start> is a number greater than the length of the array.

Example
Results
{ $indexOfArray: [ [ "a", "abc" ], "a" ] }
0
{ $indexOfArray: [ [ "a", "abc", "de", ["de"] ], ["de"] ] }
3
{ $indexOfArray: [ [ 1, 2 ], 5 ] }
-1
{ $indexOfArray: [ [ 1, 2, 3 ], [1, 2] ] }
-1
{ $indexOfArray: [ [ 10, 9, 9, 8, 9 ], 9, 3 ] }
4
{ $indexOfArray: [ [ "a", "abc", "b" ], "b", 0, 1 ] }
-1
{ $indexOfArray: [ [ "a", "abc", "b" ], "b", 1, 0 ] }
-1
{ $indexOfArray: [ [ "a", "abc", "b" ], "b", 20 ] }
-1
{ $indexOfArray: [ [ null, null, null ], null ] }
0
{ $indexOfArray: [ null, "foo" ] }
null
{ $indexOfArray: [ "foo", "foo" ] }
Error

The example uses this inventory collection:

db.inventory.insertMany( [
{ _id: 0, items: [ "one", "two", "three" ] },
{ _id: 1, items: [ 1, 2, 3 ] },
{ _id: 2, items: [ 1, 2, 3, 2 ] },
{ _id: 3, items: [ null, null, 2 ] },
{ _id: 4, items: [ 2, null, null, 2 ] },
{ _id: 5, items: null },
{ _id: 6, amount: 3 }
] )

The following example uses $indexOfArray to find 2 in the items array:

db.inventory.aggregate( [ {
$project: {
index: { $indexOfArray: [ "$items", 2 ] }
}
} ] )

The example returns:

  • The first array index for the value 2 in each items array, if found. Array indexes start at 0.

  • -1 for the index if 2 is not in the items array.

  • null for the index if items is not an array or items does not exist.

Example output:

[
{ _id: 0, index: -1 },
{ _id: 1, index: 1 },
{ _id: 2, index: 1 },
{ _id: 3, index: 2 },
{ _id: 4, index: 0 },
{ _id: 5, index: null },
{ _id: 6, index: null }
]

Tip

See also:

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$in (aggregation)