Atlas Vector Search

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Visão geral
Tipos de incorporação de vetor suportados
Representações de array
Representações binárias de vetores
Serialização de dados vetoriais binários
Exemplo de query do Vector Search
Exemplo
Informações adicionais
Documentação da API

Visão geral

Você pode utilizar o Atlas Vector Search para executar pesquisa vetorial em seus dados armazenados no Atlas. A pesquisa vetorial permite consultar seus dados com base no significado semântica, em vez de apenas nas correspondências de palavras-chave, o que ajuda a recuperar resultados de pesquisa mais relevantes. Ele permite que seus aplicativos baseados em IA ofereçam suporte a casos de uso, como pesquisa semântica, pesquisa híbrida e pesquisa generativa, incluindo a Geração Aumentada de Recuperação (RAG).

Ao usar o Atlas como um banco de dados vetorial, você pode indexar perfeitamente dados vetoriais junto com seus outros dados no Atlas. Isso permite que você filtre campos em sua coleção e execute queries de pesquisa vetorial em dados vetoriais. Você também pode combinar a pesquisa vetorial com queries de pesquisa de texto completo para obter os resultados mais relevantes para o seu caso de uso. Você pode integrar o Atlas Vector Search com estruturas e serviços de IA populares para implementar facilmente a pesquisa vetorial em seus aplicativos.

Para saber mais sobre a Atlas Vector Search, consulte o guia Atlas Vector Search na documentação do MongoDB Atlas.

Tipos de incorporação de vetor suportados

Incorporações de vetor são vetores que você usa para representar seus dados. Essas incorporações capturam relacionamentos significativos em seus dados e habilitam tarefas como pesquisa e recuperação semântica.

O driver .NET/C# oferece suporte a incorporações vetoriais de vários tipos. As seções a seguir descrevem os tipos de incorporação de vetor suportados.

Representações de array

O driver .NET/C# suporta as seguintes representações do tipo de array em incorporações vetoriais:

BsonArray
Memory
ReadOnlyMemory
float[] e double[]

O exemplo a seguir mostra uma classe com propriedades dos tipos anteriores:

public class BsonArrayVectors
{
    public BsonArray BsonArrayVector { get; set; }
    public Memory<float> MemoryVector { get; set; }
    public ReadOnlyMemory<float> ReadOnlyMemoryVector { get; set; }
    public float[] FloatArrayVector { get; set; }
}

Representações binárias de vetores

O driver .NET/C# suporta as seguintes representações de vetor binário em incorporações de vetor:

BinaryVectorFloat32 (não suportado em arquiteturas big-endian)
BinaryVectorInt8
BinaryVectorPackedBit
Memory<float>, Memory<byte>, Memory<sbyte>
ReadOnlyMemory<float>, ReadOnlyMemory<byte>, ReadOnlyMemory<sbyte>
float[], byte[], sbyte[]

Observação

Você deve utilizar o atributo BinaryVector ao especificar representações vetoriais binárias dos tipos Memory<T>, ReadOnlyMemory<T> ou array.

O exemplo a seguir mostra uma classe com propriedades dos tipos anteriores:

public class BinaryVectors
{
    public BinaryVectorInt8 ValuesInt8 { get; set; }
    public BinaryVectorPackedBit ValuesPackedBit { get; set; }
    public BinaryVectorFloat32 ValuesFloat { get; set; }
    [BinaryVector(BinaryVectorDataType.Int8)]
    public Memory<byte> ValuesByte { get; set; }
    [BinaryVector(BinaryVectorDataType.Float32)]
    public float[] ValuesFloat { get; set; }
}

Serialização de dados vetoriais binários

Você pode serializar dados digitados vetor binário Int8 como byte ou sbyte. Você também pode serializar Float32 dados digitados vetor binário como float. O exemplo a seguir serializa dados de vetores binários Int8 e Float32:

[BinaryVector(BinaryVectorDataType.Int8)]
public Memory<byte> ValuesByte { get; set; }
[BinaryVector(BinaryVectorDataType.Int8)]
public Memory<sbyte> ValuesSByte { get; set; }
[BinaryVector(BinaryVectorDataType.Float32)]
public float[] ValuesFloat { get; set; }

Você pode desserializar dados de vetor PackedBit para um vetor binário representado tipo de dados byte somente se os dados do vetor tiverem um valor de preenchimento de 0. Se os dados do vetor tiverem um valor de preenchimento não igual a 0, você poderá desserializá-los somente para um BsonVectorPackedBit.

Exemplo de query do Vector Search

Você pode executar uma query de pesquisa vetorial chamando o método VectorSearch() em um agregação pipeline. Para executar uma pesquisa vetorial em uma coleção, primeiro você deve ter uma coleção com um campo que contenha dados vetoriais e um índice de pesquisa vetorial que cubra esse campo.

Dica

Para saber mais sobre como configurar uma collection para a pesquisa vetorial, consulte o guia Atlas Vector Search na documentação do MongoDB Atlas.

Você pode converter dados BinaryVectorFloat32, BinaryVectorInt8 e BinaryVectorPackedBit para o tipo BsonBinaryData para usar em uma query de pesquisa vetorial usando o método ToQueryVector(). O exemplo a seguir converte BinaryVectorInt8 em um objeto BsonBinaryData :

var binaryVector = new BinaryVectorInt8(new sbyte[] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 });
var queryVector = binaryVector.ToQueryVector();

Você pode especificar seus dados de vetor representados por array como uma instância da classe QueryVector para utilizar em uma query de pesquisa vetorial. O exemplo a seguir cria uma array de valores ReadOnlyMemory<float> como um objeto QueryVector para usar em uma query de pesquisa vetorial :

QueryVector v = new QueryVector(new ReadOnlyMemory<float>([1.2f, 2.3f]));

Exemplo

Este exemplo executa as seguintes etapas para executar uma query do Atlas Vector Search em uma collection que contém dados vetoriais e um índice de pesquisa vetorial no campo PlotEmbedding :

Cria uma array que contém os dados vetoriais representados pela array para pesquisar
Especifica um objeto VectorSearchOptions que contém o nome do índice e o número de vizinhos mais próximos a serem usados durante a pesquisa
Cria um pipeline de agregação que utiliza o estágio VectorSearch() para executar a query de pesquisa vetorial e um estágio Project() para filtrar os resultados
Imprime os resultados da query

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-0.013968734, 0.042732596, -0.011649498, -0.011982721, -0.016967745, -0.0060913274, -0.007130985, -0.013109017, -0.009710136 };
        var options = new VectorSearchOptions<Movie>()
        {
            IndexName = "vector_index",
            NumberOfCandidates = 150
        };
        // run query
        var results = collection.Aggregate()
              .VectorSearch(movie => movie.PlotEmbedding, vector, 10, options)
              .Project(Builders<Movie>.Projection
                .Include(movie => movie.Title)
                .Include(movie => movie.Plot))
              .ToList();
        // print results
        foreach (var movie in results)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(movie.ToJson());
        }

Informações adicionais

Para saber mais sobre a Atlas Vector Search, consulte o guia Atlas Vector Search na documentação do MongoDB Atlas.

Documentação da API

Para saber mais sobre qualquer uma das funções ou tipos discutidos neste guia, consulte a seguinte documentação da API:

Voltar

Atlas Search

Stable API