嵌入式文档
注意
Atlas Search embeddedDocuments 类型、 embeddedDocument 操作符和 embedded
评分选项正在预览中。当副本集或单个 MongoDB 分片上的 Atlas Search 索引达到 2,100,000,000 个索引对象时,Atlas Search 会将索引转换为失败、不可查询的状态。当此功能正式可用时,将制定适应此限制的解决方案。要解决与使用此功能有关的任何问题,请与支持部门联系。要请求对超过 2,100,000,000 个索引对象的支持,请在 MongoDB 反馈引擎中投票支持此请求。
定义
embeddedDocument
embeddedDocument
操作符与 $elemMatch 操作符类似。它限定嵌入式文档数组的单个元素满足多个查询谓词。embeddedDocument
只能用于查询 embeddedDocuments 类型的字段。
语法
embeddedDocument
通过以下语法实现:
{ "embeddedDocument": { "path": "<path-to-field>", "operator": { <operator-specification> }, "score": { <score-options> } } }
选项
embeddedDocument
使用以下选项构建查询:
字段 | 类型 | 说明 | 必要性 |
---|---|---|---|
operator | 对象 | 用于查询您在 path 中指定的文档数组中的每个文档的操作符。不支持 moreLikeThis 操作符。 | 必需 |
path | 字符串 | 必需 | |
score | 对象 | Optional |
行为
当您使用 embeddedDocument
操作符查询数组中的嵌入式文档时,Atlas Search 会在查询执行的不同阶段对运算符查询谓词进行评估和评分。Atlas Search:
评分行为
默认情况下,embeddedDocument
操作符使用默认聚合策略 (sum
) 合并嵌入式文档匹配的分数。embeddedDocument
操作符 score
选项允许您覆盖默认值,并使用 embedded
选项配置匹配结果的分数。
排序行为
要按嵌入式文档字段对父文档进行排序,必须执行以下操作:
Atlas Search 仅对父文档进行排序。它不对文档数组中的子字段进行排序。有关示例,请参阅排序示例。
突出显示
对于在 embeddedDocument
操作符中指定的查询谓词,如果字段根据 document 类型的父字段进行索引,您可以突出显示这些字段。有关示例,请参阅教程。
限制
您无法突出显示 embeddedDocument
操作符中的查询。
示例
以下示例使用了示例数据集中的 sample_supplies.sales
集合。
索引定义
这些示例查询对集合使用以下索引定义:
{ "mappings": { "dynamic": true, "fields": { "items": [ { "dynamic": true, "type": "embeddedDocuments" }, { "dynamic": true, "fields": { "tags": { "type": "token" } }, "type": "document" } ], "purchaseMethod": { "type": "stringFacet" } } } }
基本查询
以下查询在集合中搜索标记为school
的项目,并优先搜索名为backpack
的项目。 Atlas Search 根据所有匹配嵌入式文档的平均分数(算术平均值)按降序对结果进行评分。 该查询包括一个用于将输出限制为5
文档的$limit
阶段和一个用于执行以下操作的$project
阶段:
排除
items.name
和items.tags
字段以外的所有字段添加字段
score
1 db.sales.aggregate({ 2 "$search": { 3 "embeddedDocument": { 4 "path": "items", 5 "operator": { 6 "compound": { 7 "must": [{ 8 "text": { 9 "path": "items.tags", 10 "query": "school" 11 } 12 }], 13 "should": [{ 14 "text": { 15 "path": "items.name", 16 "query": "backpack" 17 } 18 }] 19 } 20 }, 21 "score": { 22 "embedded": { 23 "aggregate": "mean" 24 } 25 } 26 } 27 } 28 }, 29 { 30 $limit: 5 31 }, 32 { 33 $project: { 34 "_id": 0, 35 "items.name": 1, 36 "items.tags": 1, 37 "score": { $meta: "searchScore" } 38 } 39 })
[ { items: [ { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] } ], score: 1.2907354831695557 }, { items: [ { name: 'envelopes', tags: [ 'stationary', 'office', 'general' ] }, { name: 'printer paper', tags: [ 'office', 'stationary' ] }, { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] } ], score: 1.2907354831695557 }, { items: [ { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] } ], score: 1.2907354831695557 }, { items: [ { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] } ], score: 1.2907354831695557 }, { items: [ { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] } ], score: 1.2907354831695557 } ]
分面查询
以下查询搜索标记为 school
且优先搜索名为 backpack
的项目。它请求有关 purchaseMethod
字段的分面信息。
1 db.sales.aggregate({ 2 "$searchMeta": { 3 "facet": { 4 "operator": { 5 "embeddedDocument": { 6 "path": "items", 7 "operator": { 8 "compound": { 9 "must": [ 10 { 11 "text": { 12 "path": "items.tags", 13 "query": "school" 14 } 15 } 16 ], 17 "should": [ 18 { 19 "text": { 20 "path": "items.name", 21 "query": "backpack" 22 } 23 } 24 ] 25 } 26 } 27 } 28 }, 29 "facets": { 30 "purchaseMethodFacet": { 31 "type": "string", 32 "path": "purchaseMethod" 33 } 34 } 35 } 36 } 37 })
[ { count: { lowerBound: Long("2309") }, facet: { purchaseMethodFacet: { buckets: [ { _id: 'In store', count: Long("2751") }, { _id: 'Online', count: Long("1535") }, { _id: 'Phone', count: Long("578") } ] } } } ]
查询和排序
以下查询搜索名为 laptop
的项目,并按 items.tags
字段对结果进行排序。该查询包括一个 $limit
阶段,用于将输出限制为 5
个文档,以及一个 $project
阶段,用于:
排除
items.name
和items.tags
之外的所有字段添加字段
score
1 db.sales.aggregate({ 2 "$search": { 3 "embeddedDocument": { 4 "path": "items", 5 "operator": { 6 "text": { 7 "path": "items.name", 8 "query": "laptop" 9 } 10 } 11 }, 12 "sort": { 13 "items.tags": 1 14 } 15 } 16 }, 17 { 18 "$limit": 5 19 }, 20 { 21 "$project": { 22 "_id": 0, 23 "items.name": 1, 24 "items.tags": 1, 25 "score": { "$meta": "searchScore" } 26 } 27 })
1 [ 2 { 3 items: [ 4 { name: 'envelopes', tags: [ 'stationary', 'office', 'general' ] }, 5 { name: 'binder', tags: [ 'school', 'general', 'organization' ] }, 6 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 7 { name: 'laptop', tags: [ 'electronics', 'school', 'office' ] }, 8 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 9 { name: 'printer paper', tags: [ 'office', 'stationary' ] }, 10 { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] }, 11 { name: 'pens', tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ] }, 12 { name: 'envelopes', tags: [ 'stationary', 'office', 'general' ] } 13 ], 14 score: 1.168686032295227 15 }, 16 { 17 items: [ 18 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 19 { name: 'binder', tags: [ 'school', 'general', 'organization' ] }, 20 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 21 { name: 'pens', tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ] }, 22 { name: 'printer paper', tags: [ 'office', 'stationary' ] }, 23 { name: 'pens', tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ] }, 24 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 25 { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] }, 26 { name: 'laptop', tags: [ 'electronics', 'school', 'office' ] } 27 ], 28 score: 1.168686032295227 29 }, 30 { 31 items: [ 32 { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] }, 33 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 34 { name: 'binder', tags: [ 'school', 'general', 'organization' ] }, 35 { name: 'pens', tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ] }, 36 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 37 { name: 'envelopes', tags: [ 'stationary', 'office', 'general' ] }, 38 { name: 'laptop', tags: [ 'electronics', 'school', 'office' ] } 39 ], 40 score: 1.168686032295227 41 }, 42 { 43 items: [ 44 { name: 'laptop', tags: [ 'electronics', 'school', 'office' ] }, 45 { name: 'binder', tags: [ 'school', 'general', 'organization' ] }, 46 { name: 'binder', tags: [ 'school', 'general', 'organization' ] }, 47 { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] }, 48 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 49 { name: 'printer paper', tags: [ 'office', 'stationary' ] }, 50 { name: 'pens', tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ] }, 51 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 52 { name: 'pens', tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ] }, 53 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] } 54 ], 55 score: 1.168686032295227 56 }, 57 { 58 items: [ 59 { name: 'envelopes', tags: [ 'stationary', 'office', 'general' ] }, 60 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 61 { name: 'notepad', tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ] }, 62 { name: 'backpack', tags: [ 'school', 'travel', 'kids' ] }, 63 { name: 'envelopes', tags: [ 'stationary', 'office', 'general' ] }, 64 { name: 'pens', tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ] }, 65 { name: 'binder', tags: [ 'school', 'general', 'organization' ] }, 66 { name: 'laptop', tags: [ 'electronics', 'school', 'office' ] }, 67 { name: 'printer paper', tags: [ 'office', 'stationary' ] }, 68 { name: 'binder', tags: [ 'school', 'general', 'organization' ] } 69 ], 70 score: 1.168686032295227 71 } 72 ]
仅查询匹配的嵌入式文档
以下查询仅返回与查询匹配的嵌套文档。该查询在 $search
阶段使用 Atlas Search 复合操作符子句查找匹配的文档,然后在 $project
阶段使用聚合操作符 以仅返回匹配的嵌入式文档。具体来说,该查询指定了以下管道阶段:
在复合操作符
| |
将输出限制为 5 份文档。 | |
1 db.sales.aggregate( 2 { 3 "$search": { 4 "embeddedDocument": { 5 "path": "items", 6 "operator": { 7 "compound": { 8 "must": [ 9 { 10 "range": { 11 "path": "items.quantity", 12 "gt": 2 13 } 14 }, 15 { 16 "exists": { 17 "path": "items.price" 18 } 19 }, 20 { 21 "text": { 22 "path": "items.tags", 23 "query": "school" 24 } 25 } 26 ] 27 } 28 } 29 } 30 } 31 }, 32 { 33 "$limit": 2 34 }, 35 { 36 "$project": { 37 "_id": 0, 38 "storeLocation": 1, 39 "items": { 40 "$filter": { 41 "input": "$items", 42 "cond": { 43 "$and": [ 44 { 45 "$ifNull": [ 46 "$$this.price", "false" 47 ] 48 }, 49 { 50 "$gt": [ 51 "$$this.quantity", 2 52 ] 53 }, 54 { 55 "$in": [ 56 "office", "$$this.tags" 57 ] 58 } 59 ] 60 } 61 } 62 } 63 } 64 } 65 )
1 [ 2 { 3 storeLocation: 'Austin', 4 items: [ 5 { 6 name: 'laptop', 7 tags: [ 'electronics', 'school', 'office' ], 8 price: Decimal128('753.04'), 9 quantity: 3 10 }, 11 { 12 name: 'pens', 13 tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ], 14 price: Decimal128('19.09'), 15 quantity: 4 16 }, 17 { 18 name: 'notepad', 19 tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ], 20 price: Decimal128('30.23'), 21 quantity: 5 22 }, 23 { 24 name: 'pens', 25 tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ], 26 price: Decimal128('20.05'), 27 quantity: 4 28 }, 29 { 30 name: 'notepad', 31 tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ], 32 price: Decimal128('22.08'), 33 quantity: 3 34 }, 35 { 36 name: 'notepad', 37 tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ], 38 price: Decimal128('21.67'), 39 quantity: 4 40 } 41 ] 42 }, 43 { 44 storeLocation: 'Austin', 45 items: [ 46 { 47 name: 'notepad', 48 tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ], 49 price: Decimal128('24.16'), 50 quantity: 5 51 }, 52 { 53 name: 'notepad', 54 tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ], 55 price: Decimal128('28.04'), 56 quantity: 5 57 }, 58 { 59 name: 'notepad', 60 tags: [ 'office', 'writing', 'school' ], 61 price: Decimal128('21.42'), 62 quantity: 5 63 }, 64 { 65 name: 'laptop', 66 tags: [ 'electronics', 'school', 'office' ], 67 price: Decimal128('1540.63'), 68 quantity: 3 69 }, 70 { 71 name: 'pens', 72 tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ], 73 price: Decimal128('29.43'), 74 quantity: 5 75 }, 76 { 77 name: 'pens', 78 tags: [ 'writing', 'office', 'school', 'stationary' ], 79 price: Decimal128('28.48'), 80 quantity: 5 81 } 82 ] 83 } 84 ]