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执行批量操作

bulkWrite() 方法对单个集合执行批量写入操作。此方法减少了从应用程序到服务器的网络往返次数,从而提高了吞吐量和性能。仅当传递给方法的所有 操作都完成后,批量写入才会返回所有操作的结果集合。

您可以在 bulkWrite() 中指定以下一项或多项写入操作:

  • insertOne

  • updateOne

  • updateMany

  • deleteOne

  • deleteMany

  • replaceOne

bulkWrite() 方法接受以下参数:

  • operations:指定要执行的批量写入操作。将每个操作作为数组中的对象传递给 bulkWrite()。有关显示每个写入操作的语法的示例,请参阅 批量写入 API 文档。

  • options:影响执行操作的可选设置,例如写入操作是否应按顺序执行以及写关注。

    默认情况下,MongoDB 会按指定顺序逐个执行批量写入操作(连续执行)。有序批量写入期间,如果在处理某一操作期间出现错误,MongoDB 则会返回而不处理列表中的其余操作。相反,当 orderedfalse 时,MongoDB 将继续处理列表中的其余写入操作。无序操作在理论上速度更快,因为 MongoDB 可并行执行此类操作,但只应在写入操作不依赖顺序时使用。

如果创建带有唯一索引约束的索引,则在执行以下格式的操作时可能会遇到重复键写入错误:

Error during bulkWrite, BulkWriteError: E11000 duplicate key error collection: ...

同样,如果尝试对使用模式验证的集合执行批量写入,则可能会出现与已插入或已修改文档的格式设置相关的警告或错误。

以下代码示例将对 sample_mflix 数据库中的 theaters 集合执行批量写入操作。对 bulkWrite() 的示例调用包括 insertOneupdateManydeleteOne 写入操作的示例:

注意

可以使用此示例连接到 MongoDB 实例,并与包含样本数据的数据库进行交互。如需了解有关连接到 MongoDB 实例和加载示例数据集的更多信息,请参阅 使用示例指南 。

1// Bulk write operation
2
3// Import MongoClient from the MongoDB node driver package
4const { MongoClient } = require("mongodb");
5
6// Replace the uri string with your MongoDB deployment's connection string
7const uri = "<connection string uri>";
8
9const client = new MongoClient(uri);
10
11async function run() {
12 try {
13 const database = client.db("sample_mflix");
14 const theaters = database.collection("theaters");
15
16 // Insert a new document into the "theaters" collection
17 const result = await theaters.bulkWrite([
18 {
19 insertOne: {
20 document: {
21 location: {
22 address: {
23 street1: "3 Main St.",
24 city: "Anchorage",
25 state: "AK",
26 zipcode: "99501",
27 },
28 },
29 },
30 },
31 },
32 {
33 insertOne: {
34 document: {
35 location: {
36 address: {
37 street1: "75 Penn Plaza",
38 city: "New York",
39 state: "NY",
40 zipcode: "10001",
41 },
42 },
43 },
44 },
45 },
46 {
47 // Update documents that match the specified filter
48 updateMany: {
49 filter: { "location.address.zipcode": "44011" },
50 update: { $set: { is_in_ohio: true } },
51 upsert: true,
52 },
53 },
54 {
55 // Delete a document that matches the specified filter
56 deleteOne: { filter: { "location.address.street1": "221b Baker St" } },
57 },
58 ]);
59 // Log the result of the bulk write operation
60 console.log(result);
61 } finally {
62 // Close the database connection when the operations are completed or if an error occurs
63 await client.close();
64 }
65}
66run().catch(console.dir);
1import { MongoClient } from "mongodb";
2
3// Replace the uri string with your MongoDB deployment's connection string.
4const uri = "<connection string uri>";
5
6const client = new MongoClient(uri);
7
8interface Address {
9 street1: string;
10 city: string;
11 state: string;
12 zipcode: string;
13}
14
15interface Theater {
16 location: { address: Address };
17 is_in_ohio?: boolean;
18}
19
20async function run() {
21 try {
22 const database = client.db("sample_mflix");
23 const theaters = database.collection<Theater>("theaters");
24
25 const result = await theaters.bulkWrite([
26 {
27 insertOne: {
28 document: {
29 location: {
30 address: {
31 street1: "3 Main St.",
32 city: "Anchorage",
33 state: "AK",
34 zipcode: "99501",
35 },
36 },
37 },
38 },
39 },
40 {
41 insertOne: {
42 document: {
43 location: {
44 address: {
45 street1: "75 Penn Plaza",
46 city: "New York",
47 state: "NY",
48 zipcode: "10001",
49 },
50 },
51 },
52 },
53 },
54 {
55 updateMany: {
56 // Important: You lose type safety when you use dot notation in queries
57 filter: { "location.address.zipcode": "44011" },
58 update: { $set: { is_in_ohio: true } },
59 upsert: true,
60 },
61 },
62 {
63 deleteOne: {
64 filter: { "location.address.street1": "221b Baker St" },
65 },
66 },
67 ]);
68
69 console.log(result);
70 } finally {
71 await client.close();
72 }
73}
74run().catch(console.dir);

运行上述示例将产生以下输出:

BulkWriteResult {
insertedCount: 2,
matchedCount: 1,
modifiedCount: 1,
deletedCount: 0,
upsertedCount: 0,
upsertedIds: {},
insertedIds: {
'0': new ObjectId("..."),
'1': new ObjectId("...")
}
}

后退

注意更改