$shift(聚合)
定义
版本 5.0 中的新增功能。
返回应用于相对于 阶段$setWindowFields
分区 中当前文档的指定位置的文档的 表达式 的值。
$setWindowFields
阶段sortBy字段值决定文档顺序。 有关 MongoDB 如何比较不同类型字段的更多信息,请参阅BSON 比较顺序。
$shift
只能在 $setWindowFields
阶段使用。
$shift
事务语法:
{ $shift: { output: <output expression>, by: <integer>, default: <default expression> } }
$shift
接受包含以下字段的文档:
行为
$shift
如果您在 阶段指定 窗口 , 会返回错误。$setWindowFields
示例
创建cakeSales
集合,其中包含加利福尼亚州 ( CA
) 和华盛顿州 ( WA
) 的蛋糕销售情况:
db.cakeSales.insertMany( [ { _id: 0, type: "chocolate", orderDate: new Date("2020-05-18T14:10:30Z"), state: "CA", price: 13, quantity: 120 }, { _id: 1, type: "chocolate", orderDate: new Date("2021-03-20T11:30:05Z"), state: "WA", price: 14, quantity: 140 }, { _id: 2, type: "vanilla", orderDate: new Date("2021-01-11T06:31:15Z"), state: "CA", price: 12, quantity: 145 }, { _id: 3, type: "vanilla", orderDate: new Date("2020-02-08T13:13:23Z"), state: "WA", price: 13, quantity: 104 }, { _id: 4, type: "strawberry", orderDate: new Date("2019-05-18T16:09:01Z"), state: "CA", price: 41, quantity: 162 }, { _id: 5, type: "strawberry", orderDate: new Date("2019-01-08T06:12:03Z"), state: "WA", price: 43, quantity: 134 } ] )
以下示例中使用了 cakeSales
集合。
使用正整数进行移动
此示例在$shift
$setWindowFields
阶段使用quantity
state
,为每个
db.cakeSales.aggregate( [ { $setWindowFields: { partitionBy: "$state", sortBy: { quantity: -1 }, output: { shiftQuantityForState: { $shift: { output: "$quantity", by: 1, default: "Not available" } } } } } ] )
在示例中:
partitionBy: "$state"
按state
对集合中的文档分区。CA
和WA
都有分区。sortBy: { quantity: -1 }
按quantity
以降序 (-1
) 对每个分区中的文档进行排序,因此最高的quantity
位于最前面。
output
sortBy
之后:
在此示例输出中,移动后的quantity
值显示在每个返回文档的shiftQuantityForState
字段中:
{ "_id" : 4, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-05-18T16:09:01Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 41, "quantity" : 162, "shiftQuantityForState" : 145 } { "_id" : 2, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-01-11T06:31:15Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 12, "quantity" : 145, "shiftQuantityForState" : 120 } { "_id" : 0, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-05-18T14:10:30Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 120, "shiftQuantityForState" : "Not available" } { "_id" : 1, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-03-20T11:30:05Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 14, "quantity" : 140, "shiftQuantityForState" : 134 } { "_id" : 5, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-01-08T06:12:03Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 43, "quantity" : 134, "shiftQuantityForState" : 104 } { "_id" : 3, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-02-08T13:13:23Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 104, "shiftQuantityForState" : "Not available" }
使用负整数进行移动
此示例在$shift
$setWindowFields
阶段使用quantity
state
为每个
db.cakeSales.aggregate( [ { $setWindowFields: { partitionBy: "$state", sortBy: { quantity: -1 }, output: { shiftQuantityForState: { $shift: { output: "$quantity", by: -1, default: "Not available" } } } } } ] )
在示例中:
partitionBy: "$state"
按state
对集合中的文档分区。CA
和WA
都有分区。sortBy: { quantity: -1 }
按quantity
以降序 (-1
) 对每个分区中的文档进行排序,因此最高的quantity
位于最前面。
output
sortBy
之后:
在此示例输出中,移动后的quantity
值显示在每个返回文档的shiftQuantityForState
字段中:
{ "_id" : 4, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-05-18T16:09:01Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 41, "quantity" : 162, "shiftQuantityForState" : "Not available" } { "_id" : 2, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-01-11T06:31:15Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 12, "quantity" : 145, "shiftQuantityForState" : 162 } { "_id" : 0, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-05-18T14:10:30Z"), "state" : "CA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 120, "shiftQuantityForState" : 145 } { "_id" : 1, "type" : "chocolate", "orderDate" : ISODate("2021-03-20T11:30:05Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 14, "quantity" : 140, "shiftQuantityForState" : "Not available" } { "_id" : 5, "type" : "strawberry", "orderDate" : ISODate("2019-01-08T06:12:03Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 43, "quantity" : 134, "shiftQuantityForState" : 140 } { "_id" : 3, "type" : "vanilla", "orderDate" : ISODate("2020-02-08T13:13:23Z"), "state" : "WA", "price" : 13, "quantity" : 104, "shiftQuantityForState" : 134 }