将数据迁移到时间序列集合
要将数据从现有集合迁移到 时间序列集合:
创建新的时间序列集合
要创建新的时间序列集合,请在 mongosh
中发出以下命令:
db.createCollection( "weathernew", { timeseries: { timeField: "ts", metaField: "metaData", granularity: "hours" } } )
有关上述命令的更多信息,请参阅创建time-series collection。
转换数据(可选)
时间序列集合支持在指定为metaField
的字段上建立二级索引。 如果您的 time-series 数据的 Realm 数据模型没有为元数据指定字段,您可以转换数据以创建一个字段。要转换现有collection中的数据,请使用$merge
或$out
创建包含time-series数据的临时collection。
考虑具有以下格式的天气数据的collection:
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5553a998e4b02cf7151190b8"), "st" : "x+47600-047900", "ts" : ISODate("1984-03-05T13:00:00Z"), "position" : { "type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [ -47.9, 47.6 ] }, "elevation" : 9999, "callLetters" : "VCSZ", "qualityControlProcess" : "V020", "dataSource" : "4", "type" : "FM-13", "airTemperature" : { "value" : -3.1, "quality" : "1" }, "dewPoint" : { "value" : 999.9, "quality" : "9" }, "pressure" : { "value" : 1015.3, "quality" : "1" }, "wind" : { "direction" : { "angle" : 999, "quality" : "9" }, "type" : "9", "speed" : { "rate" : 999.9, "quality" : "9" } }, "visibility" : { "distance" : { "value" : 999999, "quality" : "9" }, "variability" : { "value" : "N", "quality" : "9" } }, "skyCondition" : { "ceilingHeight" : { "value" : 99999, "quality" : "9", "determination" : "9" }, "cavok" : "N" }, "sections" : [ "AG1" ], "precipitationEstimatedObservation" : { "discrepancy" : "2", "estimatedWaterDepth" : 999 } }
要转换此数据,我们发出以下命令:
db.weather_data.aggregate([ { $addFields: { metaData: { "st": "$st", "position": "$position", "elevation": "$elevation", "callLetters": "$callLetters", "qualityControlProcess": "$qualityControlProcess", "type": "$type" } }, }, { $project: { _id: 1, ts: 1, metaData: 1, dataSource: 1, airTemperature: 1, dewPoint: 1, pressure: 1, wind: 1, visibility: 1, skyCondition: 1, sections: 1, precipitationEstimatedObservation: 1 } }, { $out: "temporarytimeseries" } ])
运行此命令后,您将拥有一个中间temporarytimeseries
集合:
db.temporarytimeseries.findOne() { "_id" : ObjectId("5553a998e4b02cf7151190b8"), "ts" : ISODate("1984-03-05T13:00:00Z"), "dataSource" : "4", "airTemperature" : { "value" : -3.1, "quality" : "1" }, "dewPoint" : { "value" : 999.9, "quality" : "9" }, "pressure" : { "value" : 1015.3, "quality" : "1" }, "wind" : { "direction" : { "angle" : 999, "quality" : "9" }, "type" : "9", "speed" : { "rate" : 999.9, "quality" : "9" } }, "visibility" : { "distance" : { "value" : 999999, "quality" : "9" }, "variability" : { "value" : "N", "quality" : "9" } }, "skyCondition" : { "ceilingHeight" : { "value" : 99999, "quality" : "9", "determination" : "9" }, "cavok" : "N" }, "sections" : [ "AG1" ], "precipitationEstimatedObservation" : { "discrepancy" : "2", "estimatedWaterDepth" : 999 }, "metaData" : { "st" : "x+47600-047900", "position" : { "type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [ -47.9, 47.6 ] }, "elevation" : 9999, "callLetters" : "VCSZ", "qualityControlProcess" : "V020", "type" : "FM-13" } }
将数据迁移到时间序列集合
要将数据从非timeseries
类型的现有集合迁移到时间序列集合,请使用mongodump
和mongorestore
。
警告
迁移或回填到时间序列集合时,应始终按从旧到新的顺序插入文档。 在这种情况下, mongodump
按自然顺序导出文档, mongorestore
的--maintainInsertionOrder
选项保证文档的插入顺序相同。
例如,要导出temporarytimeseries
collection,请发出以下命令:
mongodump --uri="mongodb://mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/weather" \ --collection=temporarytimeseries --out=timeseries
该命令返回以下输出:
2021-06-01T16:48:39.980+0200 writing weather.temporarytimeseries to timeseries/weather/temporarytimeseries.bson 2021-06-01T16:48:40.056+0200 done dumping weather.temporarytimeseries (10000 documents)
要将timeseries/weather/temporarytimeseries.bson
导入新集合weathernew
,请发出以下命令:
mongorestore --uri="mongodb://mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/weather" \ --collection=weathernew --noIndexRestore \ --maintainInsertionOrder \ timeseries/weather/temporarytimeseries.bson
该命令返回以下输出:
2021-06-01T16:50:56.639+0200 checking for collection data in timeseries/weather/temporarytimeseries.bson 2021-06-01T16:50:56.640+0200 restoring to existing collection weather.weathernew without dropping 2021-06-01T16:50:56.640+0200 reading metadata for weather.weathernew from timeseries/weather/temporarytimeseries.metadata.json 2021-06-01T16:50:56.640+0200 restoring weather.weathernew from timeseries/weather/temporarytimeseries.bson 2021-06-01T16:51:01.229+0200 no indexes to restore 2021-06-01T16:51:01.229+0200 finished restoring weather.weathernew (10000 documents, 0 failures) 2021-06-01T16:51:01.229+0200 10000 document(s) restored successfully. 0 document(s) failed to restore.
注意
确保使用--noIndexRestore
选项运行上述命令。 mongorestore
无法在时间序列集合上创建索引。
如果原始集合中有二级索引,请现在手动重新创建。如果集合在 1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z
之前或 2038-01-19T03:14:07.000Z
之后包含 timeField
个值,MongoDB 会记录警告并禁用某些使用内部聚集索引的查询优化。在 timeField
上创建二级索引,以恢复查询性能并解决日志警告问题。
提示
另请参阅:
如果在1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z
之前或2038-01-19T03:14:07.000Z
之后将文档插入到具有timeField
值的集合中,MongoDB 会记录警告并阻止某些查询优化使用内部索引。 在timeField
上创建二级索引,以恢复查询性能并解决日志警告问题。